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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
 Posted - 30/03/2010 : 01:11:32
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Hi Heidi.
Lindheim and Hem was of old regarded as one family.
I am not sure, but perhaps because of the many parties involved there were two court cases, the case from Skien written on parchment in a modernized Norwegian of 1300, runic.
The Hem farmers met the Haukvik/Låvell farmers in Skien Dec. 1337, earlier in the year, Jan 31. the Lindheim farmers met the Haukvik/Låvell farmers in Tinne in Heddal municipality.
Skien Dec. 1337.
The parties accused each other of assault in word and deed, but left to the judges to determine the fines, both parties promised to obey the verdict.
Firts verdict was that Erling Haukvik to free himself from the accusiations from Borgar that Erlings son Hallvard Erlingsson had stucked Borgar in the arm with a spear, thrown Aslug to the ground, stepped on her and called her the worst woman ever been on this grass.
To get free from these charges and swear himself free Erling Haukvik together with "settar swoere" 6 witnesses on farm Sauer in Sauherad the day after "Blåmesse" Bluemass (Feb. 3.) prove that he was innocent.
If he cannot free himself from the accusiations by swearing with 6 witnesses he shall pay Borgar 4 Mark in gold for the damage after the spear and 4 Mark in gold because Aslaug was dishonered.
Half to be paid within "Midfaste" Laetare Sunday, and the rest at "Mortensmesse" St. Martin´s Day (Nov. 11.)
All other troubles that had arisen between Halvard Erlingsson and Borgar son´s, shall not be more.
About the case that Erling Haukvik sued Borgar Hem and his son Alvir for killing his son Erling, Borgar and Alvir to free themselves by oath along with 12 men swear "tylptar swoere" on Sauer the day after "Blåsmessedag" (Feb. 3.)
Aslaug and the son Vetrlide shall be free.
For the verdict Borgar get against Halvard Tordsson on Sauer on "Larsok day" (August 10) Hallvard shall give (pay) 3 Mark for the main cut he gave Borgar, Hallvards brother Lidvard to pay Borgar 2 Mark in gold for turned Borgar with a spear in the body. Geirmund will provide Borgar 12 Ører for beating him in the butt with the spear.
The main cut that nobody knew who gave Borgar, all admitted was a joint action, therefore all five; Steinulv Tordsson from Låvell, Geirmund Erlingsson from Haukvik, Hallvard Tordsson, brother Lidvard and Torer Arnasson to pay Borgar 24 Ører.
The sentence will be executed at the same time and place as stipulated.
Moreover, should Veterlide Borgarsson give Hallvard Tordsson half a Mark for attacing him with the spear. Vetrlide Borgarsson shall also pay Hallvard Tordsson 4 Mark to have made threats against him
Finally Alvir Borgarsson shall pay Hallvard Tordsson 3 Mark insted of 2 Mark he was judged to pay him last "Mortensmesse" (Nov. 11.), the fine shall be paid on Sauer Monday after first "Thomasmesse" (Dec. 21).
Kåre
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Edited by - Kåarto on 11/10/2010 11:40:54 |
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heidithoe
Medium member
USA
75 Posts |
Posted - 30/03/2010 : 02:18:05
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Hello Kåre!
Wow, a lot of action ... they were very brutal to each other with all this stabbing and name calling.
I assume this ends with the Haukvik going back to their farms ... after the exchange of fines.
Also, It sounds like Borgar was quite abused. He apparently was healthy enough to participate in the case in Skien. But who perished in this fight?
- Heidi |
~ H Thoe ~ |
Edited by - heidithoe on 30/03/2010 05:09:31 |
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 30/03/2010 : 19:49:27
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Hello Heidi.
Borgar Hem must have been a strong and tough guy.
Those who broke the sentence could be covicted outlaws.
To lie under oath were punished hard, if you were guilty you did not get 6 or 12 men to swear with you; not guilty.
Of those who perished in these fights (there were likely many more not mentioned) only Hallvard Erlingsson Haukvik is mentioned, but both parties accused the other of murder, previous lawsuits between these parties does not exist.
Also Torleiv Saksabjørnsson was sentenced to pay 2 Mark in gold for the killing of Hallvard Erlingsson.
In the puiblisher company Cappelen´s edition of New Norway History, volume 4 page 57 takes the historian Steinar Imsen this sentence as a starting point in the section "Krone og bonde" Crown and farmer.
Source. Volume 3 p 863, Sauherad Bygdbok and Diplomatarium Novegicum Volume 1-22.
Kåre
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Edited by - Kåarto on 05/04/2010 16:48:09 |
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 31/03/2010 : 00:26:01
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Tinn (Tinnes) in Heddal Jan. 31. 1337.
The document is written on parchment, all seals are gone. Found on farm Enggrav in Heddal municipality 1857 (neighbor parish in the north to Sauherad).
Difficult 1300 langauge to translate, the document is here.
Those who met were;
Erling Haukvik, Tord Låvell, Steinulv, his son, and many of their male relatives.
As a counterpart met Torleiv Saksabjørnsson, his son Bjørn, his brother Bjørn Saksabjørnsson and many othres from Lindheim.
Both parties complained of murder, weapon damage and various other matters from the other part.
Before they met in Tinn they had tried to mediate between themselves as the law allowed the kings men without any sucess to abide by the verdict.
Now, they agreed they would have a verdict on a new agreement and that whoever did not follow it will be a shame for the whole family.
The sentence;
Torleiv Saksabjørnsson to pay 2 Mark gold for the killing of Hallvard Erlingsson and Bjørn Saksabjørnsson to pay 4 Mark "forngilldær" in silver to Geirmund Erlingsson for an ax blow, 2 Mark paid at Nes church at "Hallvardsmesse" (Mai 15) and 2 Mark at "Martæins messo" St, Martin´s day (Nov 11)
All other complaints, large or small, are judged to be dead, and there will be no disagreements from this day.
King Magus Håkonsson Lagabøte´s law on weights from 1270 (lasted until 1683)
1 Øre is 30 Gram (1 ounce is 28 Gram)
1 Mark is 218 Gram
Kåre |
Edited by - Kåarto on 31/03/2010 00:41:48 |
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heidithoe
Medium member
USA
75 Posts |
Posted - 31/03/2010 : 05:24:11
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Thanks Kåre!
And this is all on the heals of the Black Plague, some 13 years later. Lots of trouble for the Hem/Lindheim family.
Thanks again for these great history tid-bits. I hope to get my family excited about our roots ... this will surely help.
It is really neat to be related to the Hem clan ... and to you as well. 
Many many thanks!
- Heidi |
~ H Thoe ~ |
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 31/03/2010 : 16:50:09
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Thank you, yes it´s two intersting families.
After the Black death 1350 where half of the population died followed by several epidemics ruled disorder in Norway, aggressive foreighers started buying up farms.
Norway had joint kings in union with Sweden and Denmark, the taxes increased.
Later absolute monarchs of Denmark and their supporters ruled the country since the majority from the upper nobilities remained qiuet, exept for some like the noble man Amund Bolt who lead an uprising 1436.
There was a lot of betrayal in the early 1400s, many good men were killed, the long 400 years dark night started.
Amund Bolt was likley married to a daughter of Asgerd Aslaksdatter Berg, she married Rolleiv Bjørnsson Lindheim´s son Guttorm mentioned earlier in this topic.
Finally I have some more information from Lindheim (it´s grey weather and Easter holidays) I want to put in including your ancestor Bjørn Torleivsson Lindheim if you are not tired of all the info.
Kåre |
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heidithoe
Medium member
USA
75 Posts |
Posted - 31/03/2010 : 17:13:37
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Kåre,
I could never be tired of this info... I just need to catch up. I love when you have links too––when they are available. When I have time I will print them out, reference them in my journal, and come back to them later and try to translate. It is a good way to learn the dialect (since I plan to continue my research and I may not have another Kåre to help me).
This is excellent. As long as you want, keep it coming!
Have a Happy Easter...
- Heidi
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~ H Thoe ~ |
Edited by - heidithoe on 31/03/2010 20:08:06 |
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 31/03/2010 : 23:54:25
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Hi.
Amazing how much information online when an amateur start digging, challenging and easy to get lost.
The noble man and uprising leader Anund Sigurdsson Bolt married Asgerds unknown daughter, if she was Guttorm Rolfsens daughter, he was her 3. husband, I don´t know, in 1437 Anund Bolt changed land in Eiker with Rane Ormsson with permission from "Hwstry (Hustru) Asgerd" his "Vermoder" Hustru Asgerd his mother in Law.
Hustru means her husband was not a Knight, see here.
The reason I mention Anund Bolt is because it was Guttorm Rolfsens father Rolf (Rolleiv) Bjørnsson (Bjørn Torleivssons son) which owened Lindheim at least until 1408 before he moved to Eiker and farm Kirkeberg.
When Rolf Bjørnsson left Lindheim it was Ogmund Torleivssons son Sira (Priest) Torer Ogmundsson, priest i Sauherad from ab. 1400-22 mentoned as owner of Lindheim.
He married Margtethe Hallvardatter from Vrålstad in Telemark, they got a son Hallvard Torersson probably born on Vrålstad in Drangedal, perhaps he lived on Lindhein, Margrete seems to have settled down there when she became a widow.
This Hallvard Torersson is mentioned as one of 27 leaders from the uprising group when Anund Sigurdsson Bolt capitulated in Jersø in Sweden June 23. 1436.
See headline "Brevtekst" line 7, Hallvard is mentioned as Halwardh Thorærsson.
Note the person in 2 line "Swartæ Joness riddære" Svarte Jens / Black Jens knight, see this document kept in Sweden.
During the 2. uprising against king Eric 1438 lead my mysterious Halvard Gråtopp Black Jens never knew his real name and who he was despite he put large bounty on Hallvard Gråtopp (dead or alive)
Perhaps we will never know the thruth, some historians say Hallvard Gråtopp was Hallvard Torersson and Drangedal municipality has set up a statue of Hallvard Gråtopp.
Halvard Torersson was Guttorm Rolfsens 1. cousin, we can assume he knew Anund Bolt well and was inspired of him.
Bjarnetvei (Bjørntveit) in Solum parish at Skien Mai 1397.
This document was found on Klevar by carpenter Andreas Moen behind a cupboard 1868.
Tore Ogmundsson (Lindhein) confirm on behalf of Bjørn Torleivsson (Lindheim) Sunday after "Korsmesse" (Mai 3) that he give as a present to "sine Frændekoner" to wifes of his male relatives (two sisters) Margrete (Tores wife) and Gudrun Hallvardsdrs the whole farm Klevar in Sauherad on pertition, see here.
More to come tomorow.
Have a Happy Easter.
Kåre
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Edited by - Kåarto on 01/04/2010 00:16:50 |
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hjemmet
Junior member
USA
32 Posts |
Posted - 01/04/2010 : 10:11:31
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Hi to Heidi and dear Kåre, too!
I have just found this topic and am thrilled to find more distant "cousins" related to those fascinating folks from HEM and LINDHEIM! Kåre especially (with help from Hopkins and others) did much to excite my search for Norwegian ancestors a couple of years ago. My earliest known relative at the time was Hans Sigurdsen Hem b. 1822 at Nordre Hem. He took me step by step all the way back to these Hem's from the 11th -14th centuries. That was only a part of the research he did on my behalf! The NH topic, if you are interested, Heidi, was "HEM relatives in Arendal, Telemark & Denmark"... Telemark turned out to be the focus, and Denmark we never did confirm (a family rumor we had ancestors from the island of Fune in Denmark 400+ years ago).
I am doing a "copy and paste" here of a link I put on my original topic, where you can find (and download/print) an English translation of Birger Kirkeby's research on Halvard Gråtopp. Birger Kirkeby is the professor from Oslo (I believe) who researched and wrote the Bygdebok for Sauherad. I have not found a copy of that Bygdebok Kåre cites in this research available to borrow from any library. There is a copy at Harvard University which can be read on site, but they will not lend it. I wasn't successful getting a response from the Sauherad Historical Society when I sent an email asking for information on purchasing one or two volumes of that Bygdebok. I am hoping to go back to Boston to visit my almost 92 year old mother, Ingrid Hem, sometime soon and make a trip to the Harvard Library (with my little Norwegian dictionary!). Did I understand you, Heidi are somewhere in New England? You may get there before me!
Here is the link. Many good citations which Kåre is also giving you, and historical information about the times and people...
"Hallvard Gråtopp from Lindheim Skipreide and the Events of the 1430's, a translation by Evi Christenson from the Nynorsk of "Halvard Gråtopp Frå Lindheim Skipreide Og Hendingane i 1430-åra" av Birger Kirkeby. Published by the Sauherad Historical Society, Norway 1996.
Here is the link:
http://members.shaw.ca/mekee%20%20/index.html
This is an 80 page +/- document which is well worth printing out for all the translated references to Hem and Lindheim (and other Sauherad region) family information, NOT just referring to the 1430's... Birger Kirkeby is certainly a thorough researcher! What a gem this is!!!
Very dear to learn about this rebellion against foreign control which originated right there in Sauherad amongst people from whom I --and you and Kåre!- are all descended!"
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 01/04/2010 : 15:00:18
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Hi Ellie, good to hear from you.
It´s a long time since we chat, you are also a Hem descendant.
It´s is a long time since I worked with Hem and Lindheim, I had no idea there were so many connections between the two families.
To find a connection between the upriser Anund Bolt and Lindheim was exiting, perhaps one step closer to the mysterious Halvard Gråtopp.
Exiting to have Anund Bolt in one branch of a family tree Heidi, he was of the same family as Bishop Eystein (Aslaksson), to my knowledge Anund Bolt and Asgerd Aslaksdatter Berg were 1. cousins.
Thanks for the Gråtopp links Ellie,a mysterious man.
Hallvard is mentioned August 9.1438 when 3 men had to "gaa i Borgen" guarantee for Erik Niklissen which had participated in the Gråtopp upriseing. From the other party met the kings "Høvedsmann" head on Akershus "Svarte Jens" Black Jens, the document is on parchment and kept in Sweden, see here
I think almost I can see "Svarte Jens" in search of Hallvard Gråtopp in Skien town when he asks citizens and offered bounty to anyone that could tell who Gråtopp really was.
He seems obsessed.
Back to Lindheim June 2. 1372.
Bjørn Torleivson was county governor.
Torgjuls Torbjørnsson, Bjørn Torleivssons deputy, report to king Haakon concerning Thov Gunnarsson´s killing of Olaf Olafsson.
Sauherad April 15.1408 (doc. found in Sauland 1881).
Rolleiv (Rolf) Bjørnsson and Jon Strand announce that Rolleiv with the concent of his wife Gunvor Alfsdatter (Alvisdatter) had sold a part in farm Fosse in Sviduland (Sauland) in Hjartdal to Gunvald Thorgrimsson and recieved the payment
This must bee Gonvors inherit after her father Alvir Borgarsson Hem.
Kåre
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heidithoe
Medium member
USA
75 Posts |
Posted - 01/04/2010 : 16:21:04
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Hello Ellie!!
Actually, I believe I recognize you from a post that popped up when I originally started my research. I "googled" HEM and your post from a few years back came up? Is this possible? That post is what sparked my interest in this site. Amazing!
Yes you are correct, I do live in NE, and not far from Harvard. Your information is sooo helpul. Hopkins and Kåre were citing various Bygdeboks, but It was very hard from me to get my hands on them without a long wait and such a short time to peruse them. I will go to the Harvard library this weekend and see what I can find.
My grandmother, who turns 90 this weekend in fact, can speak fluent Norwegian. However, it is so sad that she has lost most of her sight. Although she may be very interested in what I've learned, she couldn't help me with the translations. Just image ... I could attempt to read these documents to her. I'm sure she would get a good chuckle out of my pronunciations.
Thanks also for this Gråtopp link to reference.
Wow, Kåre... I see a reference to Fosse in Sauland. I recently found this a farm (and Gunvald Thorgrmsson) mentioned in the information in my grandmother Olson family line. The families knew of each other back then, and their decedents lived fairly close to each other and unite again here in the US.
Thanks to you both!!!
- Heidi |
~ H Thoe ~ |
Edited by - heidithoe on 01/04/2010 16:23:46 |
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 02/04/2010 : 00:13:22
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Heidi
Gunvald Thorgrimsson Fosse was your ancestor, it´s a small world.
I think Hjartdal Bygdbok has a lot of information on Fosse (foss means waterfall)
Add. information:
In the 1337 struggle between the Lindheim /Hem farmers and Haukvik/Låvell farmers they were all judged after the same law as the kings guardsmen, Hirdskrå
After the 1438 uprising where one of the goals was to kill as many Bailiffs as possible, they were hated because they had rised taxes significantly.
Gjerpen March 23. 1439.
The "trial" that was held in Gjerpen lead by Provst (Priest) Hjarrand Toraldsson from Oslo Diocese, Olav Buk was the owner of Brunla manor that was raided and approved the fines, the document is here
A summary,
Priest Hjarrand judged every farmer in Telemark, rich and poor, to pay either one cow, two skins of Pine Marten or one good skin of a Lynx to those who where effected by the riots, many lost their lives, those who did not pay will not be spared.
The punishment seems hard, but Priest Hjarrand probably knew that the revolt was useless, no one from the uprising group were executed or lost their farms.
Most of these men were from Lindheim Skiprede (Lindheim military district) but the name Lindheim is not mentioned in the document at all.
Hallvard Torersson´s father Sira Torer Ogmundsson Lindheim was succeeded as pastor in Sauherad 1422 by Hjarrand Toraldsson.
One must assume that he knew the conditions in Sauherad, perhaps more than what comes out of the legal protocols, perhaps even those who took part in the revolt like Hallvard Gråtopp.
Priest Hjarrand was also appealing several times to the farmes as; dear friends
This map make it easier to find out where in Telemark things happened.
Most places are south-west in the map.
The trial in Tinne in Heddal was at Notodden town.
Lindheim and Nes are located north-west at lake Norsjø at Nes + church.
Hem is nort in the parish, south across lake Heddal at Hjuksebø.
Kåre |
Edited by - Kåarto on 02/04/2010 20:19:10 |
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Kåarto
Norway Heritage Veteran
Norway
5861 Posts |
Posted - 03/04/2010 : 17:24:26
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Here is a final and 4. branch of Saksabjørn Lindheim which is quite interesting, some of the persons here are mentioned earlier in this topic.
Saksbjørns daughter Ingrid married Bergulv/Bjørgulv (both names used) Aastesson Mæla at Skien.
Bergulv was Ivar Ogmundsson´s "Ombudsmand" assistent.
August 7. 1337 on " Mærdin" Mæla where Bjørgulv examine witnesses in connection with the murder of Helge Geirmundsson.
Their grandson (same name) Bergulv Aastesson Mæla married Joron (ab 1320-98), daughter of Margrete at Brunla manor and unknown father.
Joron and Bergulv got 3 daughters
When Bergulv died Joron married as a young and rich widow to noble man Gløder Arnasson from Skardaberg in Tjølling, Vestfold County.
Margaret Brunla married 2. time to member of Council of Realm Nikulas Sveinsson Galle, Nikulas Galle inherits Brunla, see probate register after Margrete Brunla from 1376, Joron was represented by her 3. husband Paal Gjurdsson.
Nikulas married 2. time to Sigrid Erlingsdatter, their daughter Sigrid Nikulasdatter Galle inherit Brunla, she married noble man Markvard Buk from Pommern
It was this family that was raided by the Gråtopp´s 1438, in the document from the 1439 trial above (Markvard Buk was already dead) it was his wife Hustu Sigrid (Nikulasdatter Galle), her son Olav Buk and daughter (Katarina) that would recieve in compensation, from;
rich or poor one cow or 2 skins of Pine Marten or .....
Gløder Arnasson d before 1376 and Joron got two sons and one daughter Ulvhilde Glødersdatter b ab. 1355, she married Torgeir Mattison Tufte d. after 1390, his father was "Fehirde" Mattias Torgeirsson mentioned in page 2.
Feb. 25. 1439, their son Mattias Torgeirsson on behalf of the farmers in Gjerpen Skiprede negosiated with Sigrid Nikulasdatter Galle, Sigrid was satisfied, 4. line spelled Mattis Thorgerson, here
Happy Easter
Kåre
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Edited by - Kåarto on 04/04/2010 00:40:51 |
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heidithoe
Medium member
USA
75 Posts |
Posted - 05/04/2010 : 02:51:47
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Well thank you soo much Kåre!
I have a lot of information to sort out. Thanks for the wonder Easter gift...
I'm getting a little confused with the Bjørn and Toleiv Sakabjørnsen families. So many people with the same name.
I have to take time to read all documents to see if I completely understand.
Thanks again....may you have a wonderful spring :)
Hope to see you in another post.
- Heidi |
~ H Thoe ~ |
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heidithoe
Medium member
USA
75 Posts |
Posted - 05/04/2010 : 03:14:58
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One thing before you go...
quote:
Originally posted by Kåarto
Amund Bolt was likley married to a daughter of Asgerd Aslaksdatter Berg, she married Rolleiv Bjørnsson Lindheim´s son Guttorm mentioned earlier in this topic.
In earlier post you mention Gurrorm was the son of Rolleiv Torlievsson and Gunlhild Alvirsdatter (Bjørn's nephew). Do I have this wrong?
- Heidi |
~ H Thoe ~ |
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Gunhild Bjornsdotter born 6/30/1782?
